How to Stop Nonconsensual Deepfake Porn: Three Solutions

The Swift Case and Beyond: Combating the Harmful Effects of AI-Generated Pornography

Nonconsensual deepfake porn, or synthetic media that manipulate the appearance or voice of real people in sexually explicit content, is a growing and serious problem. Last week, millions of people viewed nonconsensual deepfake porn of Taylor Swift, one of the world’s biggest pop stars, on the social media platform X, formerly known as Twitter. The videos were created using generative AI, which can produce realistic and convincing images and videos of anyone.

Nonconsensual deepfake porn is a form of sexual harassment and violence, which violates the privacy, dignity, and consent of the victims. It can also cause psychological, emotional, and reputational harm, as well as legal and financial consequences. Women are the vast majority of those targeted, and often face more severe and lasting impacts.

How can we stop nonconsensual deepfake porn? Here are three possible solutions, according to a recent article by Melissa Heikkilä from MIT Technology Review.

• Watermarks: Watermarks are hidden signals in images that help computers identify if they are AI-generated. Watermarks can make it easier and faster for content moderation platforms to detect and remove nonconsensual deepfake porn, as well as prevent attackers from creating them in the first place. For example, Google has developed a system called SynthID, which uses neural networks to modify pixels in images and add watermarks that are invisible to the human eye.
• Laws: Laws can provide legal protection and recourse for the victims of nonconsensual deepfake porn, as well as deter and punish the perpetrators. However, laws vary widely across countries and regions, and often do not cover nonconsensual deepfake porn specifically. Moreover, laws can be hard to enforce, especially when the attackers are anonymous or located in different jurisdictions. Therefore, there is a need for more comprehensive, consistent, and effective laws that address nonconsensual deepfake porn as a distinct and serious crime.
• Education: Education can raise awareness and understanding of nonconsensual deepfake porn, as well as empower people to prevent and respond to it. Education can target different groups, such as the general public, the media, the tech industry, the legal system, and the victims themselves. Education can also promote ethical and responsible use of AI and synthetic media, as well as foster a culture of respect and consent.

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Nonconsensual deepfake porn is a complex and urgent challenge that requires a multi-faceted and collaborative approach. Watermarks, laws, and education are three ways that we can fight nonconsensual deepfake porn, but they are not the only ones. We also need more research and innovation, more regulation and oversight, and more support and solidarity. Together, we can combat the harmful effects of AI-generated pornography, and protect the rights and dignity of everyone.

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